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European Steel in Action 2025
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EUROFER’s Steel in Action captures a pivotal moment for the European steel sector. As global overcapacity, unfair trade practices, high energy prices, carbon costs and decarbonisation investment challenges converge, the EU has begun to respond - most notably through the new Clean Industrial Deal and the long-awaited Steel and Metals Action Plan. A fast-changing geopolitical and geoeconomic landscape is also redefining Europe’s route to a greener, more resilient and competitive industrial future.
This booklet outlines how Europe’s steel industry - represented and led by EUROFER - is navigating these complex challenges, from trade and energy to climate policy and industrial competitiveness. With a spotlight on the EU’s new policy frameworks, it presents key developments, policy milestones and industry trends impacting the future of EU steel.
Above all, the booklet tracks the progress already made and the urgent steps still needed to make Europe #StrongerWithEUSteel - and avoid the irreversible cost of inaction.
It’s time to act. It’s time to #SaveEUSteel.
The full booklet is available below.
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A milestone occasion to quickly and effectively restore affordable electricity, to relaunch the
decarbonization and strengthen the international competitiveness of the European steel
industry.
Brussels, 02 December 2025 – Unchanged negative conditions – U.S. tariffs and trade disruptions, economic and geopolitical tensions, protracted weak demand and still high energy prices – continue to weigh on the European steel market. EUROFER’s latest Economic and Steel Market Outlook confirms for 2025 another recession in both apparent steel consumption (-0.2%, unchanged) and steel-using sectors (-0.5%, revised from -0.7%). A potential recovery is expected only in 2026 for the Steel Weighted Industrial Production index (SWIP) (+1.8%, stable) and for apparent steel consumption (+3%, slightly revised from +3.1%) – although consumption volumes would still remain well below pre-pandemic levels. Steel imports retained historically high shares (27%), while exports plummeted (-9%) in the first eight months of 2025.
Fourth quarter 2025 report. Data up to, and including, second quarter 2025